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Polyaluminum chloride
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Product Description
There are many methods for synthesizing polyaluminum chloride. Depending on the raw materials used, these methods can be categorized into the metallic aluminum method, the activated aluminum hydroxide method, the aluminum oxide method, the aluminum chloride method, and the alkali-soluble method, among others.
① The metallic aluminum method. The primary raw materials used in the synthesis of polyaluminum chloride via the metallic aluminum method are aluminum processing by-products, such as aluminum chips, aluminum dross, and aluminum slag. Aluminum dross is added slowly to hydrochloric acid under stirring according to a specific ratio, initiating a reaction that leads to the formation of liquid polyaluminum chloride through maturation and polymerization followed by sedimentation. The liquid product is then diluted, filtered, concentrated, and dried to obtain the final product. In terms of process technology, this method can be divided into three types: the acid method, the alkali method, and the neutralization method. The acid method primarily uses HCl; however, it is difficult to control product quality. The alkali method has higher process complexity, requires substantial equipment investment, and involves large quantities of alkali, making pH control challenging and increasing production costs. The neutralization method is the most widely used; as long as the mixing ratio is carefully controlled, it generally meets national standards.
② The aluminum hydroxide method. Aluminum hydroxide powder has relatively high purity and produces polyaluminum chloride with low levels of toxic substances such as heavy metals. Typically, this process involves acid dissolution under heated and pressurized conditions. Although this process is relatively simple, the resulting polyaluminum chloride has a lower basicity. Therefore, it is common practice to first dissolve aluminum hydroxide under heated and pressurized conditions in an acid solution, followed by a neutralization step using calcium aluminate ore powder.
③ The alumina trioxide method. Raw materials containing aluminum oxide primarily include gibbsite, bauxite, kaolin, and coal gangue. This production process can be divided into two steps: The first step involves obtaining crystalline aluminum chloride, and the second step involves producing polyaluminum chloride through either pyrolysis or neutralization.
④ The aluminum chloride method. This method uses aluminum chloride powder as a raw material to produce polyaluminum chloride. It is the most widely used approach. Crystalline aluminum chloride can be subjected to boiling pyrolysis at 170℃, followed by hydration and polymerization, and then solidified and dried to obtain the final product.
⑤ Alkali-soluble method: First, aluminum ash is reacted with sodium hydroxide to obtain a sodium aluminate solution. Then, the pH is adjusted using hydrochloric acid to produce a polyaluminum chloride solution. This method yields a product with good color appearance and low levels of insoluble matter; however, it has high sodium chloride content, high raw material consumption, low alumina concentration in the solution, and relatively high industrial production costs.
Keywords:
Xintai molten material and calcium aluminate powder production
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